scale

英式音标：scale怎么读

美式音标：scale怎么读

词汇归类： CET4,TEM4,IELTS,GRE,考研,TOEFL,CET6,中高频词,基本词汇

近义词： calibration,gradation

scale词义

折叠展开

n. 规模；比例；鳞；刻度；天平；数值范围vi. 衡量；攀登；剥落；生水垢vt. 测量；攀登；刮鳞；依比例决定n. (Scale)人名；(意)斯卡莱

词态变化

复数: scales;第三人称单数: scales;过去式: scaled;过去分词: scaled;现在分词: scaling;

中文词源

scale 水垢，牙石，秤，天平，鳞片

来自古诺斯语 skel,贝壳，skal,碗，饮水容器，来自 Proto-Germanic*skaela,分开，劈开，来自 PIE*skel,砍，切，分开，词源同 shell,scallop.由贝壳引申词义碗，饮水器具，由贝壳的钙化性质引申词义水垢，牙石，由碗，饮水容器引申词义秤，天平，即秤的原型，由该印欧语的词根义引申词义鱼鳞，鳞片等。

scale 梯子，攀登，攀爬，规模，范围，程度，等级，比例

来自拉丁语 scala,梯子，来自（缩写自）scandere,攀爬，攀登，来自 PIE*skand,爬，上升，词源同 scan,ascend,descend.字母 d 脱落，类似拼写比较 rule,regulate.引申词义规模，范围，程度，等级，比例等。

scale双语例句

折叠展开

1. The patient rates the therapies on a scale of zero to ten.: 患者按十分制给这些治疗方法打分。

2. The scale of migration took a quantum leap in the early 1970s.: 20世纪70年代初，移民的规模骤然扩大。

3. Car firms are desperate to achieve economies of scale.: 汽车厂商拼命想要实现规模经济。

4. A full-scale debate is under way on what ails the industry.: 关于工业为何陷入困境正在展开一场全面的讨论。

5. You may feel dwarfed by the sheer scale of the place.: 看到此处气势如此恢宏，你可能会觉得自己很渺小。

scale英文词源

折叠展开

scale: scale: English has three separate words scale. The oldest, ‘pan of a balance’ [13], was borrowed from Old Norse skál ‘bowl, drinking cup’ (ancestor of Swedish skåal, from which English gets the toast skol [16]). This was descended from a Germanic base *skal-, *skel-, *skul-, denoting ‘split, divide, peel’, which also produced English scalp, shell, shelter, shield, skill, probably skull, and also scale ‘external plate on fish, etc’ [14].

This second scale was borrowed from Old French escale, which itself was acquired from prehistoric Germanic *skalō – another derivative of *skal-. Its modern German descendant, schale, is the probable source of English shale [18]. The third scale, which originally meant ‘ladder’ [15], came from Latin scāla ‘ladder’, a descendant of the same base as Latin scandere ‘climb’, from which English gets ascend, descend, scan, and scandal. (In modern French scāla has evolved to échelle, whose derivative échelon has given English echelon [18].) The modern meanings of the word, variations on the theme ‘system of graduations used for measuring’, are metaphorical extensions of the original ‘ladder, steps’.

Its use as a verb, meaning ‘climb’, goes back to the medieval Latin derivative scālāre.
=> scalp, shell, shelter, shield, skill, skol, skull; shale; ascend, descend, echelon, scan, scandal
scale (n.1): "skin plates on fish or snakes," c. 1300, from Old French escale "cup, scale, shell pod, husk" (12c., Modern French écale) "scale, husk," from Frankish *skala or some other Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *skælo "split, divide" (cognates: Dutch schaal "a scale, husk," Old High German scala "shell," Gothic skalja "tile," Old English scealu "shell, husk"), from PIE root *(s)kel- (1) "to cut, cleave, split" (cognates: Latin culter "knife," scalpere "to cut, scrape;" Old Church Slavonic skolika "mussel, shell," Russian skala "rind, bark," Lithuanian skelti "split," Old English scell "shell," scalu "drinking cup, bowl, scale of a balance").

In reference to humans, as a condition of certain skin diseases, it is attested from c. 1400. As what falls from one's eye when blindness ends (usually figurative), it echoes Acts ix:18 (Latin tanquam squamæ, Greek hosei lepides).
scale (n.2): weighing instrument, early 15c.; earlier "pan of a balance" (late 14c.); earlier still "drinking cup" (c. 1200), from Old Norse skal "bowl, drinking cup," in plural, "weighing scale" from a noun derivative of Proto-Germanic *skæla "split, divide" (cognates: Old Norse skel "shell," Old English scealu, Old Saxon skala "a bowl (to drink from)," Old High German scala, German Schale "a bowl, dish, cup," Middle Dutch scale, Dutch schaal "drinking cup, bowl, shell, scale of a balance"), from PIE root *skel- (1) "to cut" (see scale (n.1)).

The connecting sense seems to be of half of a bivalve ("split") shell used as a drinking cup or a pan for weighing. But according to Paulus Diaconus the "drinking cup" sense originated from a supposed custom of making goblets from skulls (see skull). Related: Scales. This, as a name for the zodiac constellation Libra, is attested in English from 1630s.
scale (v.1): "to climb by or as by a ladder," late 14c., from scale (n.) "a ladder," from Latin scala "ladder, flight of stairs," from *scansla, from stem of scandere "to climb" (see scan (v.)). Related: Scaled; scaling.
scale (n.3): "series of registering marks to measure by; marks laid down to determine distance along a line," late 14c., from Latin scala "ladder, staircase" (see scale (v.1)). Meaning "succession or series of steps" is from c. 1600; that of "standard for estimation" (large scale, small scale, etc.) is from 1620s. Musical sense (1590s), and the meaning "proportion of a representation to the actual object" (1660s) are via Italian scala, from Latin scala.
scale (v.3): "weigh in scales," 1690s, from scale (n.2). Earlier "to compare, estimate" (c. 1600). Meaning "measure or regulate by a scale" is from 1798, from scale (n.3); that of "weigh out in proper quantities" is from 1841. Scale down "reduce proportionately" is attested from 1887. Scale factor is from 1948. Related: Scaled; scaling.
scale (v.2): "remove the scales of (a fish, etc.)," c. 1400, from scale (n.1). Intransitive sense "to come off in scales" is from 1520s. Related: Scaled; scaling.

scale实用场景例句

折叠展开

They entertain on a large scale (= they hold expensive parties with a lot of guests) .: 他们大宴宾客。

Here was corruption on a grand scale .: 这里的腐败现象曾十分严重。

On a global scale, 77% of energy is created from fossil fuels.: 全球77%的能量产生自化石燃料。

to achieve economies of scale in production (= to produce many items so the cost of producing each one is reduced): 实现规模生产

It was impossible to comprehend the full scale of the disaster.: 这场灾难的深重程度是无法充分认识的。

It was not until morning that the sheer scale of the damage could be seen (= how great it was) .: 直到早晨才看清了损害的严重程度。

a five-point pay scale: 五分制工资等级

to evaluate performance on a scale from 1 to 10: 按1到10级来评估业绩

At the other end of the scale , life is a constant struggle to get enough to eat.: 对于处在社会最底层的人来说，生活就是为吃饱肚子而不断挣扎的过程。

the social scale: 社会等级体系

How much does it read on the scale?: 刻度显示的是多少？

bathroom/kitchen/weighing scales: 浴室磅秤；厨房用秤；秤

(figurative)the scales of justice (= represented as the two pans on a balance(5) ): 法律公正的天平

a scale of 1:25 000: 1：25 000的比例

a scale model/drawing: 按比例缩放的模型 / 图画

However, he underestimates the scale of the problem...: 然而，他低估了问题的严重性。

You may feel dwarfed by the sheer scale of the place...: 看到此处气势如此恢宏，你可能会觉得自己很渺小。

...an earthquake measuring five-point-five on the Richter scale...: 里氏 5.5 级地震

The patient rates the therapies on a scale of zero to ten...: 患者按十分制给这些治疗方法打分。

...those on the high end of the pay scale...: 工资级别最高的人

A Registered Osteopath will be pleased to tell you his scale of fees before you decide on a consultation.: 在病人决定是否就诊之前，注册整骨医师会很乐意告知其收费标准。

The map, on a scale of 1:10,000, shows over 5,000 individual paths.: 该地图以 1:10,000 的比例尺显示了 5,000 多条不同道路。

Franklin made his mother an intricately detailed scale model of the house.: 富兰克林为他的母亲制作了一个复杂精细的房屋模型。

...the scale of C major.: C 大调音阶

...a pair of kitchen scales.: 一台厨房秤

...bathroom scales...: 浴室体重秤

In 1981, five members of a climbing party died while scaling Mount Hood.: 1981 年，一支登山队的5名队员在攀登胡德峰时遇难。

The men scaled a wall and climbed down scaffolding on the other side.: 那些男人攀上一堵墙然后顺着另一侧的脚手架爬了下去。

The tower was surmounted by an enormous statue, utterly out of scale with the building.: 那座塔的顶部矗立着一尊巨型雕像，与整个建筑完全不成比例。

...a miniature garden, with little pagodas and bridges all to scale.: 内有全部按比例建造的小塔和小桥的微缩花园

英语在线查询

scale

scale词义

词态变化

中文词源

scale双语例句

scale英文词源

scale实用场景例句

大家都在查的英语

英语在线查询

在线反馈

scale

scale词义

词态变化

中文词源

scale双语例句

scale英文词源

scale实用场景例句

大家都在查的英语